The population of any place is both the means and the end of development. Since the mobilization of other economic and physical resources required for development is done by human resources, it is necessary to study and analyze the various aspects of its composition when formulating development plans. In Nepal, data on various aspects of the population is obtained through the national census conducted every 10 years as well as household surveys at the municipal level. Here, various aspects of the population have been analyzed based on the data obtained from the National Census, 2078.

The table above presents the population details of Chaudandigadhi Municipality. According to the National Census 2078 data, the total population of the municipality is 53,631, of which males are 46.91 percent (25,157) and females are 53.09 percent (28,474). Accordingly, the sex ratio is 88.35 males per 100 females. The population density is 188.99 persons per square kilometer. Among the total population of this municipality, 1,562 people, or 2.9 percent, are persons with disabilities. In this municipality with a total of 12,703 households, the average family size appears to be 4.22 members per family.

Out of the total population of 53,631 in the municipality, there are 25,157 males and 28,474 females. The male population is dominant in the age groups of 0-9 years and 85-89 years, while the female population is dominant in the remaining age groups. Analyzing by age group, it is essential to formulate plans that address the physical, mental, social, and economic issues of adolescent girls and women within the 15-39 age group and elderly women. Issues such as reproductive health, sexual health, menstruation-related problems, female-friendly toilets, counseling centers, violence against women, human trafficking, domestic and gender-based violence, uterine prolapse, the dowry system, child marriage, women's empowerment, and rights are prominent and sensitive concerns for women. The overall statistics indicate that the municipality must create and implement effective plans for these matters. Detailed ward-wise information is presented in the table.

Although a high population of youth (age 15 to 39, totaling 27,940) is beneficial, the state needs to invest significantly in their education, health, and human resource development. A large youth population is considered a demographic dividend. On the other hand, it is the responsibility of society and the state to orient the youth in the right direction and involve them in nation-building by creating employment opportunities. The low number of children and infants suggests a gradually declining fertility rate, while the low number of elderly and senior citizens indicates a lower average life expectancy compared to other countries and a higher mortality rate among the elderly due to diseases prevalent in old age. However, a decrease in number with increasing age is natural. When analyzing the population by age, it is challenging to address the needs of each age group and ensure their proper management. Children's nutrition and care/education, proper employment for the youth, and necessary social security, health services, and care for the elderly fall within the state's obligations.

Nepal is a nation with multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, and multi-cultural characteristics. Linguistic diversity is also evident in this municipality. Out of the total population of 53,631, the highest number, 24,970 or 46.6 percent, speak Nepali, while 7,641 or 14.2 percent speak Tharu, and 4,082 or 7.6 percent speak Chamling. Article 32 of the Constitution establishes the right to language and culture as a fundamental right, and Article 31, Clause 5, explicitly states that every Nepali community has the right to education in their mother tongue. The municipality has provisions to make special arrangements for students wishing to study in their mother tongue. Detailed information by mother tongue is mentioned in the table.

There is religious freedom and diversity in Nepal. Formally, the Interim Constitution of Nepal 2063, through the historic declaration of the reinstated Parliament on Jestha 4, 2063 BS, declared Nepal a secular state. Similarly, the preamble of the Constitution of Nepal, 2072, expresses the commitment to build an egalitarian society by assimilating multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, multi-religious, and multi-cultural characteristics, maintaining unity in diversity, and ending all forms of discrimination. Consequently, religious freedom and harmony prevail in Nepal.

Due to the residence of various communities in the municipality, they have their own festivals, such as Dashain, Tihar, Ram Navami, Maha Shivaratri, Haritalika, Shree Panchami, Janmashtami, Holi, Chaite Dashain, Sakela, Lhosar, Buddha Jayanti, and more.

Out of the total population of 53,631 in the municipality, 37,012 or 69.01 percent follow Hinduism, followed by Kirat religion with 10,450 or 19.48 percent. Similarly, 7.73 percent are Buddhists, 2.75 percent are Christians, and the remaining follow Islam (0.76%) and Prakriti religion (0.26%). Despite religious diversity, Hinduism remains predominant. The religious tolerance that has existed in Nepal for centuries continues in this municipality. Detailed information by religion is presented in the table.

Looking at the population distribution by ethnicity in the municipality, the highest is Chhetri with 12,960 or 24.17 percent, followed by Rai with 12,254 or 22.85 percent, and Tharu with 7,462 or 13.91 percent. Similarly, Magar, Vishwakarma, Brahmin-Hill, Tamang, Pariyar, Mijar, Newar, and other ethnicities reside in the municipality. In this ethnically diverse society, locals are found to live with social tolerance. It is necessary to create programs that protect the original culture, traditions, language, and lifestyles of various ethnicities living in the municipality, including the marginalized castes of Nepal who have their own separate language, culture, and lifestyle, and maintain their identity. Detailed distribution is presented in the table below.

Note: Others include Thakuri, Yakthung, Dhanuk, Kumal, Teli, Sanyasi/Dashnami, Muslim, Sonar, Sundi, Halwa, Majhi, Santhal, Marwari, Rajput, Ghale, Sunuwar, Nuniya, Sunar, Gharti, Brahmin Terai, Kathbaniya, Hajam, Baniya, Rauniyar, Khaling, Sampang, Khavas, Dum, and other ethnicities. The description of ethnicities is also presented in the bar chart.

Out of the total 12,703 households in the municipality, 7,880 or 62.03 percent of the households have male household heads, while 4,832 or 37.97 percent of the households have female household heads. The detailed distribution is mentioned in the table.

Among the total population in the age group of 10 to 70 years in the municipality, the highest number of people, i.e., 18,548 (63.96 percent), have listed agriculture as their main occupation. Second are elementary occupation workers with 5,596 or 19.30 percent.

The detailed distribution of the population aged 10 and above according to the period (months) of economic work performed in the 12 months preceding the census is presented in the table below.

Disability is defined as a condition where it is difficult to conduct daily activities normally and fully participate in social life due to obstacles created by physical, social, and cultural environments as well as communication because of problems in body parts and physical systems.

Mainly, the causes of disability in individuals include lack of iodized salt use, Trachoma disease caused by lack of face washing in rural areas, accidents, congenital issues, natural disasters, malnutrition, lack of healthcare, conflict or war, or the use of explosives, etc. To reduce this, both preventive and curative actions should be taken. The Disability Protection and Welfare Act, 2039 and the Action Plan on Disability, 2063 have been prepared and implemented covering 19 areas to protect and promote the rights, interests, and development of persons and children with disabilities. Similarly, on December 27, 2009, Nepal ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2006.

Out of the total population of 53,631 in Chaudandigadhi Municipality, 53,230 people, or 99.25 percent, were found to have been born in Nepal. The number of people born in this municipality is 33,937, while those born in another municipality within Udaipur district is 2,423. Additionally, there are 16,870 people born in other districts, 399 people born abroad who currently reside in this municipality, and 2 people whose birthplace is undisclosed. With the economic, physical, and social development of the municipality, the population migrating from other locations is expected to increase. The detailed distribution is mentioned in the table.

Citizens must follow legal processes to exercise their personal rights. To obtain citizenship, passports, or other identity cards, to engage in employment or enterprise, or to go abroad, certain legal processes must be completed. For this, the government provides official certificates. Events such as birth, death, migration, marriage, and divorce must be registered in a timely manner. The Constitution has guaranteed various rights to citizens. Its starting point is vital event registration. It is an international recognition to create national statistics based on those vital event registrations. Where? How many were born? How many died? How many migrated? How many got divorced? The state must have information about such things. Based on this, the government formulates policies related to service delivery, so it is necessary to increase public awareness to register vital events on time. The details of vital events registered in this municipality are presented in the table below.